The skin changes dramatically during pregnancy, not only emotionally but also physically. While some women experience the “pregnancy glow,” others may face unexpected skin problems. During this time, your skin will undergo a variety of changes. Understanding these changes will help you maintain the health of your skin and manage them.
The “Pregnancy Glow” and Its Counterparts: “Pregnancy Skin”
The term “pregnancy glow” is often used to describe the radiant complexion that some women have due to hormonal changes and increased blood flow. This glow can also be accompanied by other skin problems that are just as noticeable.
1. Melasma, or “the mask of pregnancy”
Melasma is characterised by dark, blotchy spots on the face. These patches are usually found on the cheeks and forehead. Melasma is more common among darker-skinned people and can be triggered by hormonal changes during pregnancy. Sun exposure can make it worse. Melasma typically fades away after childbirth. Wearing a wide-brimmed, broad-spectrum hat and using a daily sunscreen can protect your skin.
2. Linea Nigra
It is a vertical dark line on the abdominal wall that runs from the pubic region to the belly button. This is a common condition that occurs during pregnancy. It is caused by hormonal fluctuations. Usually, the linea nigra fades away after birth. However, it can persist in certain cases.
3. Hyperpigmentation in Existing Skin Marks
The melanin produced by the body increases during pregnancy, which can darken freckles, moles and areolas. These changes are harmless and usually return to their original state after delivery.
Common Skin Conditions during Pregnancy
Many skin conditions occur during pregnancy. Most are temporary, and most resolve after delivery.
4. Stretch Marks
Stretch marks appear as reddish, purplish or purple streaks on the abdomen or breasts. They can also occur along the thighs or hips. Although they are part of the normal pregnancy experience, you can minimise their appearance by using moisturisers to keep your skin hydrated. These marks usually fade over time to a lighter shade.
5. Acne
Acne can be caused by hormonal changes. This condition occurs frequently during pregnancy, and usually improves by the second or third trimester. Acne can be managed by using gentle cleansing products and pregnancy-safe skincare.
6. Skin Tags
During pregnancy, small benign skin growths, also known as skin tags, can develop, especially under the breasts or arms. These skin tags are not harmful and can be removed if desired after birth.
7. Dark Spots, also known as Chloasma (or “Mask of Pregnancy”) or “Dark Spots”
Dark spots appear on the face during pregnancy, especially on the cheeks and forehead. They can also be seen on the upper lip, nose, or upper lip. The “mask” of pregnancy, also known as Chloasma, is caused by an increase in Melanin. This pigment determines the colour of the skin. Hormonal shifts–especially an increase in estrogen and progesterone–stimulate excess melanin production, making some areas appear darker than usual.
These patches can be minimised by:
- Use sunscreen every day, even if it is cloudy. Select a broad-spectrum SPF of 30 or more.
- Protect yourself from the sun by wearing a hat with a large brim or a shady area if you are spending time outside.
- Avoid the peak sun hours. These are typically between 10 am and 2 pm, when UV radiation is at its strongest.
These changes are usually only temporary. Most dark spots fade away within a couple of months. If the dark spots persist, a dermatologist will recommend safe postpartum treatments.
8. Spider Veins & Varicose Veins
Spider Veins, as well as Varicose Veins, are common symptoms of pregnancy.
Spider Veins
They can be found on the neck, arms, or face. These veins are caused by hormonal changes and increased blood circulation during pregnancy.
Spider veins can be cosmetic and painless. After delivery, most spider veins fade as hormone levels return and blood volume decreases.
Varicose Veins
These veins can be more visible and appear as bulging, blue, or purple veins that are sometimes painful. They usually occur in the leg. The veins are caused by the pressure of the growing uterus on the main vein (the inferior vena cava), which returns blood from the lower body back to the heart. This causes blood to pool in your legs’ veins.
Varicose veins are not only found on the legs. They can also appear in other sensitive areas, such as the vulva or vagina. These areas are more commonly called hemorrhoids.
To help manage varicose veins during pregnancy:
- Lift your legs while resting to improve circulation.
- Try to avoid standing or sitting still for extended periods.
- Compression stockings can help to relieve pain and improve blood circulation.
- Sleep on your left side to relieve pressure from the main vein, which carries your blood back to your body.
What is the silver lining? After childbirth, varicose Veins usually improve or disappear. There are medical treatments postpartum if they persist or cause discomfort.
Itchy skin and Rashes
Itchy skin can occur during pregnancy. Some of these conditions are more severe than others.
9. PUPPP
PUPPP, or a rash, is a rash that appears during the third trimester. It usually affects the buttocks, abdomen, thighs and groin. PUPPP is usually uncomfortable but resolves once the baby is born. Topical corticosteroids or antihistamines are effective treatments. They should only be used under medical supervision.
10. Cholestasis of Pregnancy
Cholestasis, a liver disorder, causes severe itching on the soles and palms of your hands, but no rash. If left untreated, it can cause complications. Contact your doctor immediately if you are experiencing severe itching at night or during the day.
Skincare Tips During Pregnancy
To manage these changes in skin effectively, it is important to maintain a gentle skincare regimen during pregnancy.
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Choose Pregnancy Safe Products: Avoid products containing retinoids and salicylic acids. Look for products that contain ingredients such as vitamin C, resveratrol and mineral-based sunblocks.
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Gently Cleansing: Use a gentle, non-comedogenic cleansing agent to cleanse your skin two times a day. This will remove excess oil from the skin and help prevent acne.
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Moisturise regularly: Keep skin hydrated and prevent dryness. It is especially important to do this when treating conditions such as stretch marks and skin eczema.
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Sun protection: Use a sunscreen that has a minimum SPF of 30 to protect yourself from UV rays. These rays can worsen pigmentation problems.
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Avoid Harsh Treatments: Your skin will be more sensitive when you are pregnant.
When to Consult with a Health Care Provider
Some symptoms of skin changes in pregnancy require medical attention.
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Severe itching: This is especially on the soles and palms of your hands, which can indicate cholestasis.
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Persistent Rashes: Those that don’t improve after standard treatment.
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Changes to Moles include increased size, colour, or irregular border.
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Unusual skin changes: Causes significant discomfort or concern.
Consult your doctor before beginning any new skin care regimen. If you are pregnant and have concerns regarding your skin, consult your physician.
Final Thoughts
Your skin will undergo a variety of changes during pregnancy. Some conditions can be uncomfortable, but most are temporary. With the right care, they can be managed. You can manage these changes by following a gentle skin care routine and being informed. You’re not the only one experiencing this change. Many expectant mothers also experience it, and there are many resources available to help.
